Stochastic model for lighting’s electricity consumption in the residential sector. Impact of energy saving actions

The residential sector represents about 30% of the total energy demand in Europe. Included in this percentage, lighting consumption is one of the basic end uses in all households and it may come to represents 15–20% of the total electricity bill. This figure can be reduced using advanced control techniques or more efficient lighting technologies, requiring previous detailed information about current consumption patterns. In this context, bottom-up stochastic models are established as the main tools to study new energy savings. In this paper, a high-resolution stochastic model for simulating lighting consumption profiles was developed, obtaining both daily active and reactive instantaneous power demand profiles, with a 1-min resolution. The model takes into account the number of household residents and differentiates between weekdays and weekends. Moreover, the monthly and annual amounts of electricity demanded by lighting in Spanish households were simulated. The proposed model was also used to quantify the impact of LED technology's penetration into domestic lighting systems on consumption patterns. Research has revealed the existence of two consumption peaks matching with morning and evening. Although these peaks are hard to shift since they are due to human behavior, they are easy to reduce through the improvement of lighting systems.